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:::::: Flame Informers ::::::


ADVANTAGES OF UV / IR FLAME INFORMERS

Fire flame informers (FI) are optimal sensors that respond to the appearance of open fire almost immediately after its emergence. It is possible because the operation of FI is based on the registration of electromagnetic radiation of the flame.

Principle of operation

It is well known that the flame of flammable gases, vapors and liquids is accompanied with electromagnetic radiation, which has characteristic features in various spectrum ranges and significantly differs from the spectra of the heated bodies and the sunlight. Since the electromagnetic radiation propagates with immense velocity, the reaction time of the flame informers is defined by only time necessary for the radiation reception, extraction of the informative signal and its treatment, which makes up for only few seconds. High sensitivity and low noise level of modern electromagnetic detectors in different parts of the spectrum: ultraviolet (UV), visible, near and middle infrared (IR) - allows to register and extract the flame irradiation at the large distance – 75 meters and more. Also such flame feature as its low-frequency modulation (2..20 Hz) is used. Modern elemental base of electronics allows for enhancement of modulated signals and execution of its preliminary treatment. Microcontrollers give an opportunity to use special algorithms of signal treatment which lets to significantly diminish the possibility of false launches because of the influence of various noises.

Specifics of use

Irradiation of heated bodies and sunlight can be received by electromagnetic detectors of FI. In order to avoid the effect of such ‘parasite’ signals on the decision of alert signal, the most advanced, noise-stable flame informers are made as many-channeled (for example, two IR-channels) or combined (IR and UV channels).

Selectivity

The comparison of the signals in two spectral ranges allows for the certain identification of the fire. For example, double-channeled IR informer may have two electromagnetic detectors with optic filters, reacting at the radiation with the wavelengths of 4.4 micrometers (work channel) and 4 micrometers (insurance channel). When a heated body or the sunlight affects the FI, the signal through the work channel is always lower than through the insurance one. When there is the flame irradiation, the signal of the work detector is always higher than of the insurance one. The combined informer employs the characteristic feature of the flame which is the broad spectral range of the radiation: from the severe UV (spectral range with no sunlight and heated bodies irradiation) to the medium and far IR range. The UV channel in the FI can react only at the radiation of the open fire, welding or special lamps. Two last sources or the radiation virtually do not have the IR irradiation in the area of 4..5 microns. From the other hand, the heated bodies and the sunlight do not have features in the severe UV area. Thus, the simultaneous appearance of the signal in the UV and IR channels signifies the flame presence around the FI.

The comparison with the other informers

Other types of the fire informers – smoke, heat, gas ones – react at the fire components that need pretty much time to travel to the sensor and initiate its launch. Also, the effect of various external factors (wind, smoke diffusion, air draught, sensor cooling or the presence of many people exhaling carbon dioxide) significantly limits the area under control of these informers or increases the probability of false launches. So under the conditions of the most possible appearance of the open fire (flammable vapors, gases and liquids), fire informers is the optimal choice for the effective measures of firefighting at the early stages of the flame appearance and proliferation.

There are also single-channeled ultraviolet and infrared informers. They are cheaper but their use is appropriate only in the simple situation – if there are no noise sources (for example, heated machines or ultraviolet irradiation sources) or if the possibility of the wrong decision after false launch of the FI is decreased by other means (for example, the additional control of an operator).

The choice of the fire flame informers has to be made taking to the account the specifics of the irradiation sources, located in the area of the informers’ control.


- Test Flashlight ITES
It is intended to check the flame informers IPES, is manufactured as the explosion-proof version 1 ExdIICU and has a switch to select the period of blinking which imitates the flame.

- Fire Informer IPES

 

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